• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Disengagement member (1) for disengaging a link between a motor means (2) and a shaft (3) driven in rotation by said motor means (2), comprising a first and a second element (4 and 5) capable of to fit one into the other in a direction substantially parallel to the shaft (3), one being adapted to be connected to the motor means (2) by a connection allowing it to be rotated by the motor means (2), and the other element being able to be fixed on the shaft (3), characterized in that: - the first element (4) comprises at least one recess (6) at the interface d interlocking (7) between the two elements; the second element (5) comprises at least one resilient means (9) exerting a radial force on the interlocking interface (7) via an engagement member (10) able to engage in the recess (6), now rotatably fastening the two elements to a predefined transmission torque between the engagement member (10) and the first member (4); the elastic means (9), the recess (6) and the engagement member (10) being configured so that beyond this predefined torque, the engagement member (10) compresses the elastic means (9) and exits the recess (6).
    公开号:FR3031150A1
    申请号:FR1463348
    申请日:2014-12-26
    公开日:2016-07-01
    发明作者:Gerard Andre；Bertrand Mazue；Francis Holleville
    申请人:Plastic Omnium SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to the field of motor vehicles. In particular, the invention relates to a release member for disengagement of a connection between a motor means and a shaft, in particular for a vehicle which comprises at least one retractable aerodynamic flap.
    [0002] Vehicles comprising movable elements integrated under the front bumper of the vehicle are described for example in French patents FR2821593. FR2927303 and FR2864811. Such retractable shutters are intended to improve the aerodynamics of the vehicle, for example by reducing the drag of the vehicle, and its consumption, especially at speeds above 70km / h. These flaps can be placed at various points in the bodywork: front face, side faces and / or rear face. When the flaps are in the folded (retracted) position under the front bumper, they are protected against shocks against obstacles such as curbs. This folded position under the shield is therefore suitable for low speed traffic in cities or on roads with surface defects or stone cladding, for example. Such shutters are particularly useful on vehicles with a large ground clearance such as the 4) {4, SUV and minivans. These vehicles, in fact, consume more fuel, especially because of a ground clearance involving 20 high aerodynamic losses. These retractable aerodynamic flaps can simply be mounted on a shaft and rotated on this shaft by a motor. In a taxiing situation, that is to say when the vehicle is running, it happens that such flaps are found in a situation of blockage of the rotation mechanism, due to the presence of mud, snow, ice or snow. foreign bodies for example, or because of a too high aerodynamic load. This then involves the risk of damage to the engine. Indeed, the engine must not force to put the shutter in the folded position, when the vehicle slows or stops, while it is blocked. Similarly, if the mechanism clogs when stopped, the motor should not force 30 to put the flap in the unfolded position, when the vehicle is traveling at high speed. Moreover, it is sometimes necessary to carry out maintenance operations of the shutter when the vehicle is stationary, therefore without electric control. Indeed, the user may need to open or close the shutter following a blockage, in order to clean it, or to unlock elements retained by the shutter (branch, leaves ...). It therefore appears necessary to be able to actuate the rotation of the shutter, to an open position or to a retracted position, independently of the electrical or electronic control controlling the engine. Solutions are known to prevent damage to the actuating mechanism, under excessive force applied to the flap or to be applied to the flap by the motor, such as unclipping of the retractable part, or a deformation using the flexibility of the piece. However, no solution is really adapted to protect a retractable and rigid system of large size, as well as to meet the need for maintenance of the flap in the closed position. The object of the present invention is to provide improvements to the retractable flaps to prevent damage to the shutter actuation mechanism, and allowing maintenance of the shutter at the stop of the vehicle. This goal is achieved through a radial disengagement member on the motor coupling. Thus, an object of the invention is a disengagement member for the disengagement of a link between a motor means and a shaft rotated on itself by said motor means, comprising a first and a second element adapted to s' to fit one into the other in a direction substantially parallel to the shaft, one being adapted to be connected to the motor means by a connection allowing it to be rotated by the motor means, and the other element being able to be fixed on the shaft. The first element has at least one recess at the interface between the two elements. The second element comprises at least one resilient means exerting a radial force on the interlocking interface via an engagement member adapted to engage in the recess, now rotating together the two elements to a predefined transmission torque between the engagement member and the first member. The elastic means, the recess and the engagement member being configured so that beyond this predefined torque, the engagement member compresses the resilient means and exits the recess, thereby freeing the rotation between both elements. Such disengaging member therefore allows to disengage the motor shaft of the shaft carrying the flap. It can be placed directly on the shaft carrying the flap, and act at different levels, for example in a gearbox placed between the motor shaft and the shaft carrying the flap. Furthermore, such a release member can be implemented on any type of system, any type of vehicle. Such a disengaging member can protect the motor under any circumstances, even off, which is not the case with an electronic overtorque detection, and therefore also allows maintenance. According to one example, the predefined torque can be between 5 Nm and 20 Nm. Advantageously, the elastic means is a spring. According to the invention, the disengaging member may comprise an axis provided with an engagement member at each of its ends. According to one embodiment, the first element has several recesses on the interlocking interface. The engagement member is then preferably adapted to engage a neighboring recess around the periphery of the first member after a predefined rotation angle. This predefined rotation angle is preferably substantially between 10 ° and 30 °. According to an exemplary embodiment, the engagement member may be cylindrical or spherical, and the recess may have a complementary shape such as a half-cylinder. For example, the engagement member may be a ball or have a shape in 10 V. According to a particular embodiment, the recess comprises a slope or a radius of curvature of disengagement of the member, different from the slope or the curvature radius of engagement of the organ. According to another embodiment, the disengaging member comprises a handle 15 adapted to compress the elastic means, so as to reduce the forces required for disengagement of the engagement member. Advantageously, the two elements are made of thermoplastic material. According to an advantageous embodiment, one end of the elastic means forms the engagement member, or the engagement member is attached to the elastic means by thermoplastic overmolding. Finally, the engagement member may be a molded part of the second element, located on the interlocking interface of the second element, and the elastic means may be an area on the periphery of the engagement member having a flexibility in compression such that the engagement member is able to move radially. The invention also relates to an assembly of a motor means, a shaft driven in rotation by said motor means, and a disengaging member according to the invention. The first element is preferably connected to the motor means by a link enabling it to be rotated by the motor means, and the second element is fixed on the shaft. The disengaging member may comprise an axis provided with an engagement member at each of its ends, the axis being substantially perpendicular to the shaft. According to one embodiment, the assembly comprises a reducer. The invention also relates to a retractable aerodynamic system for a motor vehicle, comprising an assembly according to the invention, and an aerodynamic flap fixed on the shaft. According to one embodiment, the aerodynamic flap is pivotable at an angle close to 90 °, and wherein the engagement member is adapted to engage in a neighboring recess around the periphery of the first element after a predefined rotation angle substantially between 10 ° and 30 °. The predefined torque may be between 5 Nm to 10 Nm. Finally, for the direction of rotation of the aerodynamic flap corresponding to its opening, the recess may comprise a lower engagement member engagement slope than the slope. commitment. The invention will be better understood on reading the appended figures, which are provided by way of examples and are in no way limiting in which: FIG. 1 illustrates a half and the axis of symmetry of a retractable aerodynamic system for a motor vehicle, comprising a motor means, a shaft driven in rotation by the motor means and carrying the retractable flap, and a disengaging member according to the invention. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of disengaging member according to the invention. - Figure 3 illustrates in detail a first element of the disengagement member. - Figure 4 illustrates in detail a second element of the disengagement member. FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment in which the elastic means incorporates at its end a shape making it possible to ensure the function of the engagement member. FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which the engagement member and the elastic means is a molded part, made of material with the second element. - Figure 7 illustrates a particular embodiment wherein the elastic means is a wire type spring.
    [0003] FIG. 1 illustrates a retractable aerodynamic system for a motor vehicle, comprising a disengaging member (1) according to the invention (in the element 15 in FIG. 1), a driving means (2), and a driven shaft (3). in rotation by the motor means (2) and carrying the retractable flap (11). As shown in Figure 1, the release member (1) according to the invention is particularly adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle whose front shield comprises at least one retractable aerodynamic flap, pivotally mounted between a folded position under the front bumper and an unfolded position in which the deflector protrudes downward. Thus, the invention will be described according to this particular embodiment, in which the movable flap is retractable and pivotable, and mounted on a front bumper of a motor vehicle. The disengaging member (1) according to the invention allows the disengagement of a connection 3031150 -5- between a motor means (2) and a shaft (3) rotated on itself by the motor means (2) . Referring now to Figure 2 which illustrates a particular embodiment of the release member (1) according to the invention.
    [0004] The disengaging member (1) comprises a first (4) and a second (5) element, one being able to be connected to the motor means (2) by a connection allowing it to be rotated by the motor means (2), and the other element being able to be fixed on the shaft (3). The element (4) can be bell-shaped as shown in FIG. 2. The first and the second elements (4 and 5) are able to fit into each other 10 in a direction substantially parallel to the shaft (3). According to the particular exemplary embodiment illustrated, it is the second element (5) which is able to be annotated in the first element (4) as illustrated in FIG. 2, and it is the first element (4). which is in connection with the engine. The two elements (4, 5) are made integral in rotation, up to a certain level of torque, by a disengageable radial connection, described below. Figure 3 shows a view of the first element (4). This first element (4) comprises at least one recess (6) at the interlocking interface (7) between the two elements (4, 5). The interlocking interface represents the cylindrical surfaces facing each other between the two elements (4, 5) once nested: the outer flank of the second element (5) (for example a cylindrical surface) and the internal flank of the first element (5). element (4). Figure 4 shows a view of the second element (5). This second element (5) comprises at least one axis (8) provided with at least one elastic means (9). This elastic means (9) exerts a radial force on the interlocking interface (7) via an engagement member (10). Thus, called axis (8) is the elastic means (9) alone, or the elastic means (9) and the engagement member (10). The engagement member (10) may be an element attached to the elastic means (9) or may be a part of the elastic means (9), such as for example the termination of a spring. For example, according to an embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the elastic means (9) incorporates at its end a shape to ensure the function of the engagement member. In the example illustrated in Figure 5, the resilient means (9) is a wire forming a compression spring and forming at one of its ends a loop whose upper arc provides the function of engagement member. In an alternative embodiment, in particular to improve the radial guiding of the engagement form, the engagement member (10) can be integrated by thermoplastic overmoulding of the elastic means (9). According to one embodiment (FIG. 6), the engagement member (10) is a molded portion, made of material with the second member (5). This engagement member (10) is then a cylindrical or spherical engagement surface, located on the interlocking interface of the second element (5). The elastic means (9) is, according to this embodiment, an area on the periphery of each engagement surface, having a compressive flexibility such that the engagement surface is able to move radially toward its center A under the effect of a predefined torque, and this displacement occurs under elastic conditions, that is to say without plasticization of the element (5). Thus, according to this embodiment, the elastic element (9) is made of plastic and is integrally molded to the second element (5), and the elastic force is exerted by deformation of this second element (5). The engagement member (10) may be composed of an element adapted to be housed in the recess (6) and a pusher (10 ') as shown in FIG. 4. In the example of FIG. 4, the surface of the second element (5) forming the interlocking interface (7) may thus comprise orifices capable of allowing the engagement member (10) to pass so that it can come into contact with the surface of the first element (4) forming the nesting interface (7). In this example again, the axis (8) is housed in a radial groove of the second element (5). In this example again, the axis (8) is positioned diametrically within the element (5). This engagement member (10) is adapted to engage in the recess (6), now rotatingly securing the two elements (4, 5) to a predefined transmission torque between the axis (8). ), via the engagement member (10), and the first member (4). The elastic means (9) is configured so that beyond this predefined transmission torque between the engagement member (10) and the first member (4), the engagement member (10) compresses sufficiently the elastic means (9) to be able to exit the recess (6). Once out of the recess (6), the second element (5) can then rotate without causing the first element (4), thus allowing rotation of the flap without rotating the motor, or vice versa. For an aerodynamic flap (11) of the front face of a motor vehicle, this predefined torque can be between 5 Nm and 20 Nm in one direction and the other.
    [0005] The elastic means (9) may be a compression-type spring (FIGS. 4, 5) or wire-type (FIG. 7), for example, or a stamped elastic blade or a spring assembly, or a molded part (FIG. 6). According to the embodiment of Figure 4, the axis (8) comprises an engagement member (10) at each of its ends.
    [0006] According to a preferred embodiment, the first element (4) has a plurality of recesses (6) on its periphery (interlocking interface). When the predefined transmission torque is exerted between the engagement member (10) and the first element (4), the engagement member (10) compresses the elastic means (9) and exits then of the recess (6) in which he was engaged. The second element (5) can then rotate on itself without causing the first element (4). By continuing the rotation of the second element (5) and / or of the axis (8), the engagement member (10) is then able to engage in a recess (6) close to that of which it is out on the periphery of the first element (4) after a predefined rotation angle. It is thus possible notch notch aerodynamic flap (11) to close it, and reopen it notch by notch (from one recess to another). For an aerodynamic flap (13) of the front face of a motor vehicle, whose rotation is close to 90 °, the predefined rotation angle between two successive notches and ideal for use, can be substantially between 10 ° and 30 ° °. Preferably, the recesses (6) are regularly distributed around the periphery of the interlocking surface. To facilitate the engagement and disengagement of the engagement member (10) in a recess (6), suitable shapes are selected, and relatively low friction materials (molybdenum disulfide-filled polyamide, POM, grease , steel / plastic contact ...). For example, advantageously, the engagement member (10) may be spherical, for example a ball, and the recess (6) may then have a complementary shape such as a half-cylinder as illustrated by FIGS. Figures 2, 3 and 4. The half-cylinder has the advantage of facilitating the interlocking of the two elements (4, 5). Alternatively, the recess (6) may have a shape V, U. Advantageously, especially for vehicles for which aerodynamic forces are important (either because of a large flap surface or the fact of a high maximum speed), a recess (6) has a slope (for a V shape in particular) or a radius of curvature (for a cylindrical shape) of disengagement of the member different from the engagement slope. The slope (or radius of curvature) seen by the engagement member (10) when it enters the recess (6) following a rotation in a groove is called the slope (or radius of curvature) of engagement. given meaning of the second element (5). The slope (or radius of curvature) of disengagement is, conversely, the slope (or the radius of curvature) seen by the engagement member (10) when it leaves the recess (6). to a rotation in the same direction of the second element (5). Thus, when the second member (5) rotates in an opposite direction, the engagement slope (or radius of curvature) becomes the disengagement slope (or radius of curvature), and vice versa. Such a recess (6) asymmetrical allows for example a manual opening facilitated compared to the forced closing force, which must necessarily be greater than the aerodynamic force. In this case, for the direction of rotation of the aerodynamic flap (11) corresponding to its opening, the recess (6) has a slope of disengagement of the engagement member (10) lower than the engagement slope.
    [0007] According to one embodiment, the release member (1) comprises a handle adapted to compress the elastic means (9) by a manual action, via a fork 11 (not shown), so as to simplify assembly and reduce the necessary efforts to disengage the engagement organ (10). This mode is particularly advantageous in the case of flaps undergoing high rolling forces.
    [0008] Preferably, both elements are made by injection of thermoplastic material. The first element (4) can then be made using a mold whose extraction will be in the direction of the axis (8) of revolution of this element (the recesses (6) will then be cylindrical to the demold release ready), the recesses (6) preferably having a semicircular section, so that the recess (6) is demolded naturally. According to another embodiment, the second element (5) comprises several axes (8), and the first element (4) has at least as many recesses (6) on its periphery.
    [0009] The invention also relates to an assembly (14), illustrated in FIG. 2, of a motor means (2), of a shaft (3) driven in rotation by this motor means (2), and of an element declutching device (1) according to the invention. In this assembly, the first element (4) is connected to the motor means (2) by a connection allowing it to be rotated by the motor means (2), and the second element (5) is fixed on the shaft (3). The axis (8) is preferably substantially perpendicular to the shaft (3). According to one embodiment, the assembly also comprises a gear (15), for example consisting of two gears of different sizes, between the motor means (2) and the shaft (3). The disengaging member (1) can then be positioned, not only between the motor means (3) and the gearbox (15), or between the gearbox (15) and the shaft (3), but also within the same gearbox (15). The invention also relates to a retractable aerodynamic system (16), illustrated in FIG. 1, for a motor vehicle front end, comprising an assembly (13) 35 according to the invention, and an aerodynamic flap (11) fixed on the shaft (3). The aerodynamic flap (11) is retractable, pivotally mounted between a folded position under the front bumper of the vehicle and a position in which the baffle protrudes downwardly. According to one configuration, the aerodynamic flap (11) is able to pivot at an angle close to 90 °. In this case, the reclosing angle after predefined clutching is preferably substantially between 10 ° and 30 °.
    [0010] According to an exemplary embodiment, the predefined torque, to allow the disengagement of the engagement member (10), is between 5 Nm and 20 Nm. Finally, according to a preferred embodiment of the retractable aerodynamic system, for the direction of rotation of the aerodynamic flap (11) corresponding to its opening, the recess (6) has a slope of disengagement of the engagement member (10) 10 lower than the engagement slope. The engagement slope will preferably be between 50 and 80 ° to have an elastic means (9) of lower rigidity. The invention has been described in the context of maintenance, that is to say when the vehicle is stationary and that it is desired manually to change its position (folded or unfolded). But the invention also applies to the case where the vehicle is in rolling condition, and the engine forces to change the position of the flap. In this case, the clutch protects the engine from an overload Moreover, the disengaging member according to the invention applies to any type of mobile system motorized on a vehicle, whether retractable or not, it either swivel or not.
    [0011] Finally, the invention has been described according to an example where the second element (5) carrying the elastic means (9) and the engagement member (10) is fixed to the shaft (3). Of course, the second element (5) can be attached to the motor means, while the first element (4) is fixed to the shaft (3).
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Disengagement member (1) for disengaging a link between a motor means (2) and a shaft (3) driven in rotation by said motor means (2), comprising a first and a second element (4 and 5) capable of to fit one into the other in a direction substantially parallel to the shaft (3), one being adapted to be connected to the motor means (2) by a connection allowing it to be rotated by the motor means (2), and the other element being able to be fixed on the shaft (3), characterized in that: the first element (4) comprises at least one recess (6) at the interface of interlocking (7) between the two elements; the second element (5) comprises at least one resilient means (9) exerting a radial force on the interlocking interface (7) via an engagement member (10) able to engage in the recess (6), now rotatably fastening the two elements to a predefined transmission torque between the engagement member (10) and the first member (4); the elastic means (9), the recess (6) and the engagement member (10) being configured so that beyond this predefined torque, the engagement member (10) compresses the elastic means (9) and exits the recess (6).
    [0002]
    2. disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the predefined torque is between 5 Nm and 20 Nm.
    [0003]
    3. disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic means (9) is a spring.
    [0004]
    4. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an axis (8) provided with an engagement member (10) at each of its ends.
    [0005]
    5. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first element (4) has a plurality of recesses (6) on the interlocking interface (7).
    [0006]
    6. disengagement member (1) according to claim 5, wherein the engagement member (10) is adapted to engage in a recess (6) adjacent to the periphery of the first element (4) after an angle of predefined rotation.
    [0007]
    7. disengagement member (1) according to claim 6, wherein the predefined rotation angle is substantially between 10 ° and 30 °.
    [0008]
    8. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the engagement member (10) is cylindrical or spherical, and the recess (6) has a complementary shape such as a half-cylinder .
    [0009]
    9. disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein 3031150 the engagement member (10) is a ball or a V shape.
    [0010]
    10. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess (6) has a slope or a curvature of disengagement of the member (10), different from the slope or radius of engagement curvature of the member (10).
    [0011]
    11. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a handle adapted to compress the elastic means (9), so as to reduce the forces required for disengagement of the engagement member (10).
    [0012]
    12. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the two elements are made of thermoplastic material.
    [0013]
    13. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one end of the elastic means (9) forms the engagement member (10), or the engagement member (10) is reported to the resilient means (9) by thermoplastic overmolding. 15
    [0014]
    14. Disengagement member (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the engagement member (10) is a molded portion of the second member (5), located on the interlocking interface of the second element ( 5), and the elastic means (9) is an area on the periphery of the engagement member (10) having a compressive flexibility such that the engagement member (10) is radially movable.
    [0015]
    15. Assembly (14) of a motor means (2), a shaft (3) driven in rotation by said motor means (2), and a disengaging member (1) according to one of the preceding claims. .
    [0016]
    16. An assembly (14) according to claim 15, wherein the first element (4) is connected to the motor means (2) by a connection allowing it to be rotated by the motor means (2), and the second element (5) is fixed on the shaft (3).
    [0017]
    17. Assembly (14) according to one of claims 15 and 16, wherein the release member (1) comprises an axis (8) provided with an engagement member (10) at each of its ends, l axis (8) being substantially perpendicular to the shaft (3). 30
    [0018]
    18. Assembly (14) according to one of claims 15 to 17, comprising a gear (15)
    [0019]
    19. retractable aerodynamic system (16) for a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an assembly (14) according to one of claims 15 to 18, and an aerodynamic flap (11) fixed on the shaft (3). 35
    [0020]
    20. retractable aerodynamic system according to claim 19, wherein the aerodynamic flap (11) is able to pivot by an angle close to 90 °, and wherein the engagement member (10) is adapted to engage in an adjacent recess (6) on the circumference of the first element (4) after a predefined rotation angle of substantially between 10 ° and 30 °.
    [0021]
    Retractable aerodynamic system according to one of claims 19 and 20, wherein the predefined torque is between 5 Nm and 10 Nm.
    [0022]
    22. retractable aerodynamic system according to one of claims 19 to 21, wherein, for the direction of rotation of the aerodynamic flap (11) corresponding to its opening, the recess (6) comprises a disengagement slope of the body commitment (10) lower than the engagement slope.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    KR20170102889A|2017-09-12|
    CN107110231A|2017-08-29|
    US20180298953A1|2018-10-18|
    CN107110231B|2020-06-23|
    WO2016102881A1|2016-06-30|
    EP3237772A1|2017-11-01|
    FR3031150B1|2018-05-11|
    EP3237772B1|2020-02-05|
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    法律状态:
    2015-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-07-01| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160701 |
    2016-12-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-12-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-12-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-09-10| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20210806 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1463348A|FR3031150B1|2014-12-26|2014-12-26|CLUTCH MEMBER FOR RETRACTABLE AERODYNAMIC SHUTTER OF MOTOR VEHICLE|
    FR1463348|2014-12-26|FR1463348A| FR3031150B1|2014-12-26|2014-12-26|CLUTCH MEMBER FOR RETRACTABLE AERODYNAMIC SHUTTER OF MOTOR VEHICLE|
    PCT/FR2015/053708| WO2016102881A1|2014-12-26|2015-12-22|Disengaging member for retractable aerodynamic flap of a motor vehicle|
    US15/539,326| US20180298953A1|2014-12-26|2015-12-22|Disengaging member for retractable aerodynamic flap of a motor vehicle|
    CN201580070874.7A| CN107110231B|2014-12-26|2015-12-22|Separating member for retractable aerodynamic flaps of a motor vehicle|
    EP15828358.0A| EP3237772B1|2014-12-26|2015-12-22|Retractable aerodynamic flap of a motor vehicle|
    KR1020177019347A| KR20170102889A|2014-12-26|2015-12-22|Disengaging member for retractable aerodynamic flap of a motor vehicle|
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